---

IN THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA

NORTHERN  CAPE  DIVISION, KIMBERLEY

Case No: K/S 21/2016

Heard on: 20/04/2017

Delivered on: 21/04/2017

In the matter between:

NEVILLE VAN STADEN                                                                                    APPLICANT

V

THESTATE                                                                                                    RESPONDENT

JUDGMENT: APPLICATION FOR LEAVE TO APPEAL

MAMOSEBO J:

[l] On 07 December 2016 the applicant  pleaded  not  guilty  to  but  was  convicted of murder with dolus directus as the form of intent, assault with intent to cause grievous bodily harm (Assault GBH) and two counts of assault  common. On  20 March  2017  he  was sentenced  to  a term  of  life imprisonment on the murder count, 12 month s' imprisonment on each count of assault common and two years' imprisonment for assault GBH. The sentences in  respect of each one of the assault  charges were ordered  to run concurrently with the murder charge. The  applicant  now  seeks leave to appeal against his conviction  and sentence to the Supreme Court  of Appeal alternatively, the Full Bench of the Northern Cape Division in respect of the murder count only. The State opposed the   application.

[2] The grounds for this application  boil down  to the contention  that I erred  in my finding that the act of asphyxiation  coupled  with  the  excessive force exerted on the deceased's body which caused the multiple injuries sustained was without doubt an indication of a clear direct intent to kill which was also premeditated and there are therefore reasonable prospects  of success on appeal.

[3] Adv Schreuder, arguing for the applicant, submitted that the State should have presented some evidence to show that the murder was premeditated. This contention was addressed by the Supreme Court of Appeal in the unreported judgment Kekana v The State (629/2013) [2014] ZASCA 158 (1 October 2014) where Mathopo AJA pronounced  (Lewis  JA  and Gorven AJA) concurring:

"[12] Another argument advanced on behalf of the appellant was based on S v Raath [2009 (2) SACR 46 (CPD)] where it was held that to prove premeditation, the State must lead evidence to establish the period of time between the accused forming the intent to murder and the carrying out of his intention. In the present matter there is no evidence as to how much time passed between the appellant's admitted decision to kill  the deceased and when he doused the bed with petrol and set it alight. But a consideration of the appellant's evidence suggests that it was a matter of a few minutes, at the least.

[13] In my view it is  not necessary that the appellant should have  thought or planned his action a long period of time in advance before carrying out his plan. Time is not the only consideration because even a few minutes are enough to carry out a premeditated action. "

[4] Adv Schreuder relied on the case of S v Ferreira and Others 2004 (4) All SA 373 (A). In my view the case in casu is distinguishable from  the Ferreira case. It is my view that premeditated murder is not only found in contract crimes but the circumstances in each case can determine whether the murder was premeditated or not. It must be borne in mind that the two assault common charges preceded the murder of the accused. In the early hours the assault with intent to cause grievous bodily harm then followed. The applicant in all these counts inflicted the injuries unprovoked. The evidence against him was found  to  be overwhelming  and  credible.  When a deceased is strangled to death and the supply of oxygen to the brain is curbed, the deceased thrashes about until life is squeezed out of her. How can the death not be premeditated?

[5] In terms of the provisions of s 17(1) of the Superior Courts  Act  10 of 2013, leave to appeal may only be granted if the Judge or Judges  concerned are of the opinion  that:

5.1            The appeal would have reasonable  prospects of success or  if there  is some compelling reason why leave should be  granted;

5.2             The decision sought  on  appeal  does  not  fall  within  the ambit  of s 16(2)(a) of the Act; and

5.3           Where the decision sought to be appealed does not dispose of all the issues in the case, the appeal would lead to a just and prompt resolution of the real issues between the parties.

[6] Section l 7(6)(a) of the Act stipulates that if leave is granted to appeal against a decision of a Division as a court of first instance consisting of a single Judge the Judge or Judges granting leave must direct that the appeal be heard by a full court of that Division, unless they consider that the circumstances set out ins l 7(6)(a)(i) and (ii) are applicable.

[7] In S v Smith 2012 ( l) SACR 567 (SCA) para 7 Plasket AJA stressed:

"[7] What the test of reasonable  prospects  of  success  postulates  is a dispassionate decision, based on the facts and the law, that a court of appeal could reasonably arrive at a conclusion different to that of the trial court. In order to succeed, therefore, the appellant must convince this court on proper grounds that he has prospects of success on appeal and that those prospects are not remote but have a realistic chance of succeeding. More is required to be established than that there is a mere possibility of success, that the case is arguable on appeal or that the case cannot be categorised as hopeless. There must, in other  words,  be  a sound, rational basis for the conclusion that there are prospects of success on appeal. "

As reiterated by Leach JA in S v Kruger 2014 (I) SACR 647 (SCA) at 649d (para 3) the Courts should follow the aforementioned test scrupulously in the interests of justice.

[8] Having regard to the above and having dispassionately considered the application I am satisfied that the applicants have no reasonable prospects of success on appeal and the application stands to fail. I am not  swayed that a court of appeal could reasonably arrive at a conclusion different to that of the trial cou1i.

[9] It becomes unnecessary to deal with the appeal against sentence as correctly conceded by Mr Schreuder that if the murder was  premeditated the applicant would not have a leg to stand  on.

[10] In the result, the following order is made:

The application for leave to appeal is dismissed.

 

__________________

MAMOSEBO J

NORTHERN  CAPE  HIGH COURT

For the applicant:          Adv JJ Schreuder

In structured by:            Legal Aid South Africa (Judicare)

For the Respondent:     Adv KM Kgatwe

                                           Director of  Public Prosecution

---